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A001586 Generalized Euler numbers, or Springer numbers.
(Formerly M2908 N1169)
+0
14
1, 1, 3, 11, 57, 361, 2763, 24611, 250737, 2873041, 36581523, 512343611, 7828053417, 129570724921, 2309644635483, 44110959165011, 898621108880097, 19450718635716001, 445777636063460643, 10784052561125704811, 274613643571568682777, 7342627959965776406281 (list; graph; listen)
OFFSET

0,3

REFERENCES

V. I. Arnold, Springer numbers and Morsification spaces. J. Algebraic Geom. 1 (1992), no. 2, 197-214.

V. I. Arnold, The calculus of snakes and the combinatorics of Bernoulli, Euler and Springer numbers of Coxeter groups, Uspekhi Mat. nauk., 47 (#1, 1992), 3-45 = Russian Math. Surveys, Vol. 47 (1992), 1-51.

D. Dumont, Further triangles of Seidel-Arnold type and continued fractions related to Euler and Springer numbers, Adv. Appl. Math., 16 (1995), 275-296.

J. W. L. Glaisher, On the Bernoullian function, Q. J. Pure Appl. Math., 29 (1898), 1-168.

J. W. L. Glaisher, On a set of coefficients analogous to the Eulerian numbers, Proc. London Math. Soc., 31 (1899), 216-235.

D. Shanks, Generalized Euler and class numbers, Math. Comp. 21 (1967), 689-694; 22 (1968), 699.

N. J. A. Sloane, A Handbook of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1973 (includes this sequence).

N. J. A. Sloane and Simon Plouffe, The Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences, Academic Press, 1995 (includes this sequence).

Zhi-Hong Sun, Congruences involving Bernoulli polynomials, Discr. Math., 308 (2007), 71-112.

LINKS

T. D. Noe, Table of n, a(n) for n=0..100

Michael E. Hoffman, DERIVATIVE POLYNOMIALS, EULER POLYNOMIALS, AND ASSOCIATED INTEGER SEQUENCES (see Th. 3.1)

FORMULA

E.g.f.: 1/(cos x - sin x).

Values at 1 of polynomials Q_n() defined in A104035. - N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 06 2009

a(n) = numerator of Euler(n,1/4). - N. J. A. Sloane, Nov 07 2009

Let B_n(x) = Sum_{k=0.. n*(n-1)/2} b(n,k)*x^k, where b(n,k) is number of n-node acyclic digraphs with k arcs, cf. A081064; then a(n) = |B_n(-2)|. - Vladeta Jovovic (vladeta(AT)eunet.rs), Jan 25 2005

G.f. A(x)=y satisfies y'^2=2y^4-y^2, y''y=y^2+2y'^2. - Michael Somos Feb 03 2004

a(n) = (-1)^Floor(n/2) Sum_{k=0..n} 2^k C(n,k) Euler(k) [From Peter Luschny (peter(AT)luschny.de), Jul 08 2009]

MAPLE

a := proc(n) local k; (-1)^iquo(n, 2)*add(2^k*binomial(n, k)*euler(k), k=0..n) end; [From Peter Luschny (peter(AT)luschny.de), Jul 08 2009]

PROGRAM

(PARI) a(n)=if(n<0, 0, n!*polcoeff(1/(cos(x+x*O(x^n))-sin(x+x*O(x^n))), n)) (from Michael Somos)

(PARI) {a(n)=local(an); if(n<2, n>=0, an=vector(n+1, m, 1); for(m=2, n, an[m+1]=2*an[m]+an[m-1]+sum(k=0, m-3, binomial(m-2, k)*( an[k+1]*an[m-1-k]+2*an[k+2]*an[m-k]-an[k+3]*an[m-1-k] ))); an[n+1])} (from Michael Somos)

CROSSREFS

Cf. A007836.

Bisections are A000281 and A000464.

Related polynomials are given in A098432.

Cf. A079858.

Sequence in context: A000985 A094611 A052442 this_sequence A126201 A020012 A126100

Adjacent sequences: A001583 A001584 A001585 this_sequence A001587 A001588 A001589

KEYWORD

nonn,easy,nice

AUTHOR

N. J. A. Sloane (njas(AT)research.att.com).

EXTENSIONS

More terms from Vladeta Jovovic (vladeta(AT)eunet.rs), Jan 25 2005

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Last modified March 20 09:10 EDT 2010. Contains 173642 sequences.


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